Soon Lee

Staff Scientist, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986
slee@salk.edu

Selected Recent Publications

Lee S, Kim CK and Rivier C. 1999 Nitric oxide stimulates ACTH secretion, as well as the transcription of the genes encoding for corticotropin-releasing factor, corticotropin-releasing factor receptors type 1 and vasopressin in the hypothalamus of the intact rat. J Neurosci 19:7640-7647.

Kim CK, Turnbull AV, Lee S and Rivier CL. 1999 Effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol on the release of ACTH, corticosterone and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 23:52-59.

Turnbull AV, Smith GW, Lee S, Vale WW, Lee K-F and Rivier C. 1999 CRF type I receptor-deficient mice exhibit a pronounced pituitary-adrenal response to local inflammation. Endocrinology 140:1013-1017.

Uribe RM, Lee S and Rivier C. 1999 Endotoxin stimulates nitric oxide production in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus through nitric oxide synthase I: Correlation with HPA axis activation. Endocrinology 140:5971-5981.

Lee S, Schmidt D, Tilders F and Rivier C. 2000 Increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of rats exposed to alcohol in utero: Role of altered pituitary and hypothalamic function. Mol Cell Neurosci 16, 515-528.

Lee S, Schmidt D, Tilders F, Cole M, Smith A and Rivier C. 2000 Prolonged exposure to intermittent alcohol vapors blunts hypothalamic responsiveness to immune and non-immune signals. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 24, 110-122.

Lopez-Figueroa MO, Day HEW, Lee S, Rivier C, Akil H, Watson SJ. 2000 Temporal and anatomical distribution of nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression and nitric oxide production during central nervous system inflammation. Brain Res 852:239-246.

Lee S, Schmidt ED, Tilders FJH and Rivier C. 2001 Effect of repeated exposure to alcohol on the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis of the rat: I. Role of changes in hypothalamic neuronal activity. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 25:98-105.

Rivier C and Lee S. 2001 Effect of repeated exposure to alcohol on the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis of the rat: II. Role of the length and regimen of alcohol treatment. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 25:106-111.

Lee S, Smith G, Vale W, Lee K-F and Rivier C. 2001 Mice that lack corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors type 1 show a blunted ACTH response to acute alcohol despite up-regulated constitutive hypothalamic CRF gene expression. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 25:427-433.

Lee S, Miselis R and Rivier C. 2002 Anatomical and functional evidence for a neural hypothalamic-testicular pathway that is independent of the pituitary. Endocrinology 143:4447-4454.

Ryabinin AE, Bachtell RK, Heinrichs SC, Lee S, Rivier C, Olive MF, Mehmert KK, Camarini R, Kim JA, Koenig HN, Nannini MA, Hodge CW, Roberts AJ and Koob GF. 2002 The CRF/urocortin system and alcohol. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 26:714-722.

Seo D, Lee S and Rivier C. 2002 Comparison between the influence of the intravenous and intracerebroventricular injection of a nitric oxide donor on ACTH release and hypothalamic neuronal activity. J Neuroendocrinol 14:568-573.

Kjeldsen TH, Rivier C, Lee S, Hansen EW, Christensen JD and Moesby L. 2003 Inducible nitric oxide synthase is responsible for nitric oxide release from murine pituicytes. J Neuroendocrinol 15:250-255.

Lee S, Blanton CA and Rivier C. 2003 Prenatal ethanol exposure alters responsiveness of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to nitric oxide. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 27:962-969.

Lee S and Rivier C. 2003 Long-term influence of an initial exposure to alcohol on the rat hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 27:1463-1470.

Seo D, Lee S and Rivier C. 2003 Role of specific adrenergic receptors in mediating the ACTH response to increased nitric oxide levels. J Neuroendocrinol 15:530-537.

Seo DO, Lee S and Rivier C. 2004 Prolonged exposure to intermittent alcohol vapors decreases the ACTH as well as hypothalamic nitric oxide and cytokine responses to endotoxemia. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 28:848-854.

Kang SS, Cole M, Lee S and Rivier C. 2004 Development of individual alcohol inhalation chambers for mice: Validation in a model of prenatal alcohol. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 28:1549-1556.

Selvage DJ, Lee SY, Parsons LH, Seo DO and Rivier CL. 2004 A hypothalamic-testicular neural pathway is influenced by brain catecholamines, but not testicular blood flow. Endocrinology 145:1750-1759.

Seo DO, Lee S and Rivier CL. 2004 Comparison between the influence of shocks and endotoxemia on the activation of brain cells that contain nitric oxide. Brain Res 998:1-12.

Lee S, Selvage D, Hansen K and Rivier C. 2004 Site of action of acute alcohol administration in stimulating the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: Comparison between the effect of systemic and intracerebroventricular injection of this drug on pituitary and hypothalamic responses. Endocrinology 145:4470-4479.

Lee S and Rivier C. 2005 Role played by hypothalamic nuclear factor-kB in alcohol-mediated activation of the rat hypothalamic-pituiatry-adrenal axis. Endocrinology 146:2006-2014.

Li Z, Kang SS, Lee S and Rivier C. 2005 Effect of ethanol on the regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) gene expression. Mol Cell Neurosci 29:345-354.

Kang SS, Cole M, Lee S and Rivier C. 2004 Development of individual alcohol inhalation chambers for mice: Validation in a model of prenatal alcohol. Alcoholism: Clin Exp Res 28:1549-1556.

Lee S and Rivier C. 2005 Role played by hypothalamic nuclear factor-kB in alcohol-mediated activation of the rat hypothalamic-pituiatry-adrenal axis. Endocrinology 146:2006-2014.

Li Z, Kang SS, Lee S and Rivier C. 2005 Effect of ethanol on the regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) gene expression. Mol Cell Neurosci 29:345-354.

James P, Rivier C and Lee S. 2007 Presence of corticotrophin-releasing factor and/or tyrosine hydroxylase in cells of a neural brain-testicular pathway that are labelled by a transganglionic tracer. J Neuroendocrinol 20:173-181.  Accepted for publication prior to April 7, 2008.

Maji SK, Schubert D, Rivier C, Lee S, Rivier JE and Riek R. 2008 Amyloid as depot for the formulation of long-acting drugs. PLoS Biol 6:E17. PMCID: PMC2225439.

Lee S, Choi I, Kang S and Rivier C. 2008 Role of various neurotransmitters in mediating thelong-term endocrine consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure. Ann NY Acad Sci 1144:176-188.  PMCID: PMC2796868.

Choi IY, Lee S and Rivier C. 2008 Novel role of adrenergic neurons n the brain stem in mediating the hypothalamic-pituitary axis hyperactivity caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. Neuroscience 155:888-901.  PMCID: PMC3174801.

Richardson HN, O'Dell LE, Lee SY, Koob GF and Rivier CL. 2008 Alcohol self-administration acutely stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, but alcohol dependence leads to a dampened neuroendocrine state. Eur J Neurosci 28:1641-1653. PMCID: PMC2748838.

Allen CD, Lee S, Koob GF and Rivier C. 2011 Immediate and prolonged effects of alcohol exposure on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult and adolescent rats. Brain, Behav Immun 25:S50-S60. PMCID: PMC3098294.

Allen CD, Rivier CL and Lee S. 2011 Adolescent alcohol exposure alters the central brain circuits known to regulate the stress response. Neuroscience 182:162-168. PMCID: PMC3085552. 

Allen CD, Waser B, Körner M, Reubi JC, Lee S and Rivier C. 2011 Neuropeptide Y acts within the rat testis to inhibit testosterone secretion. Neuropeptides 45:55-61. PMCID: PMC3053052.

Lee S, Braden B, Kang SS and Rivier C. 2011 Urocortins are present in the rat testis. Neuropeptides 45:131-137. PMCID: PMC3043384.